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COMPENDIUM INCLINATION MEASUREMENT
WYLER AG, WINTERTHUR / SWITZERLAND
6.4.6 CLOSURE ERROR / ALIGNMENT METHOD ACCORDING TO ISO1101
• The angular relationship of all measurements taken in the longitudinal and the transversal direction
must remain unchanged.
• The lines in the centre of the longitudinal and the transversal directions are used as reference line.
Should the number of lines in a direction be even, the line closer to the first longitudinal or transversal
line is used as reference line.
Transversal reference line
Longitudinal reference line
• Both reference lines are adjusted to connect at an even elevation at their intersection (same height).
• All other longitudinal and transversal lines are moved up or down until they cross the reference line
at the even elevation.
• The largest deviation in height of two lines crossing is the closure error of the measurement.
closure error
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